When Therapy Hurts: Retraumatization by Therapists

Therapy is meant to be a space of healing, validation, and support, especially for trauma survivors. However, for some, the very process intended to promote recovery can instead lead to retraumatization. This painful experience can leave survivors feeling invalidated, unsafe, and even more distressed than before they sought help.

What is Retraumatization in Therapy?

Retraumatization occurs when a person re-experiences the emotional or psychological pain of past trauma due to their therapist’s approach, methods, or behavior. This can happen in various ways, including:
​

• Unintentional Triggers: A therapist may push a survivor too quickly into discussing traumatic events without proper grounding techniques.
• Invalidation or Dismissiveness: When a therapist minimizes a client’s experience, suggests they are overreacting, or applies a one-size-fits-all approach.
• Lack of Trauma-Informed Care: Some therapists lack specialized training in trauma and may use methods that exacerbate distress instead of alleviating it.
• Boundary Violations: This includes inappropriate self-disclosure, physical touch without consent, or even overstepping emotional boundaries.
• Pressuring Exposure Therapy: While exposure-based therapies can be effective, forcing a client to relive trauma before they’re ready can cause harm rather than healing.

Signs You May Be Experiencing Retraumatization

If therapy is making your symptoms worse rather than better, you may be experiencing retraumatization. Some warning signs include:
​

• Increased anxiety, panic attacks, or dissociation after sessions
• Feeling unheard, dismissed, or judged by your therapist
• Hypervigilance or heightened emotional distress
• A sense of helplessness or loss of control during sessions
• Avoidance of therapy or dreading appointments

How to Protect Yourself in Therapy

1. Trust Your Feelings: If something feels off, it’s worth exploring why. Therapy should be challenging at times, but it should not feel harmful.
   
2. Communicate Your Concerns: If you feel safe enough, bring up your discomfort with your therapist. A good therapist will listen and adjust their approach.
   
3. Set Boundaries: Advocate for what you need in sessions. If a technique or topic feels overwhelming, express your limits.
   
4. Seek a Second Opinion: Consulting another therapist or mental health professional can provide insight into whether your current therapy is appropriate.
   
5. Know When to Walk Away: If your therapist is unwilling to adjust their methods or if you feel consistently unsafe, it may be time to find a new therapist.
   

Finding a Trauma-Informed Therapist

A trauma-informed therapist understands how trauma impacts the mind and body, prioritizing safety, choice, and empowerment. When looking for a new therapist, consider asking:
​

• What is your experience working with trauma survivors?
• What approaches do you use, and how do you ensure clients don’t feel overwhelmed?
• How do you handle situations where a client feels uncomfortable or triggered in therapy?

Final Thoughts

Therapy should be a place of growth and healing, not harm. If you have been retraumatized by a therapist, know that it is not your fault, and you deserve care that respects your boundaries and fosters true healing. Seeking the right therapist can make all the difference in your recovery journey.

Interested in Therapy or Coaching Services?

Contact Me